Reynolds, Skyler (2022) Negative Social Implications of Gym Behaviors: Grunting and Masculinity Perceptions. Bachelor thesis, Psychology.
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Abstract
Grunting occurs frequently at gyms, often being cited as a method of increasing physical performance. Recent research has highlighted the possible social functions of grunting during exercise, relating to constructs such as masculinity. However, the effects of grunting in a social context remains poorly understood. This study sought to empirically test the effect of grunting on people’s perception of several variables pertaining to the athletes’ masculinity, using questionnaires in a 2x2 between-subjects factorial experiment (N=333). Along with masculinity, we evaluated perceived promiscuity, self-objectification, wellbeing and Stereotype Content Model’s (SCM) competence, which were hypothesized to increase due to grunting, and SCM’s warmth, which was hypothesized to decrease. The results indicate that grunting decreases perceptions of masculinity, competence, warmth and self-objectification of the athlete. There were no significant effects of grunting on promiscuity or wellbeing. We also manipulated the ‘sexuality’ of the athlete (e.g., heterosexual or homosexual) in order to investigate interaction effects between grunting and sexuality. Warmth was rated higher for the homosexual athlete compared to the heterosexual athlete. There was an interaction effect where grunting decreased perceived self-objectification of the athlete, but to a lesser degree for the homosexual athlete. Our research shows preliminary evidence that grunting has negative social impacts regarding how others perceive certain dimensions of an athlete when participating in the behavior. Keywords: grunting, masculinity, sexuality, perception.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
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| Supervisor name: | Koc, Y. |
| Degree programme: | Psychology |
| Differentiation route: | Applied Social Psychology (ASP) [Bachelor Psychology] |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Feb 2022 12:48 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Feb 2022 12:48 |
| URI: | http://gmwpublic.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/233 |
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