Acceptability of Integrative Learning Companions in Neurofeedback: A Novel Approach to Cognitive Rehabilitation.

Beintema, Gerbrich Maud (2026) Acceptability of Integrative Learning Companions in Neurofeedback: A Novel Approach to Cognitive Rehabilitation. Master thesis, Psychology.

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Abstract

This feasibility study explored the acceptability and potential effectiveness of a robot-like learning companion designed to support neurofeedback (NF) training in individuals with self-reported executive function (EF) impairments. Thirteen participants completed three NF sessions targeting frontal midline theta upregulation, supported by a robot-like learning companion. The study assessed whether (1) the companion enhanced NF performance compared to an external comparison group that trained without a companion (Smit et al., 2023), (2) acceptability predicted NF learning outcome, and (3) perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use predicted acceptability of the companion, as proposed in the brain computer interface acceptability model by Grevet et al. (2023). NF performance (frontal midline theta upregulation) was analysed using an RM ANOVA with SESSION and BLOCK as within-subject factors and GROUP as a between subject factor, examining within- and across session learning effects. Regression analyses examined whether acceptability (behavioural intention) predicted NF learning outcome (change between early and late theta), and whether perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use predicted behavioural intention. Results showed a significant main effect of BLOCK on theta upregulation, but no significant differences between the companion and comparison group (p = .361) and acceptability did not predict NF learning outcomes (p = .454). Consistent with technology acceptance theory, perceived usefulness emerged as a significant predictor of behavioural intention (p = .004), whereas perceived ease of use did not (p = .344). Overall, the learning companion was acceptable and feasible to implement, but it did not enhance NF performance. As a feasibility study, these findings inform future design improvements and highlight the need for larger samples and follow-up assessments in future research.

Item Type:	Thesis (Master)
Supervisor name:	Enriquez Geppert, S.
Degree programme:	Psychology
Differentiation route:	Clinical Neuropsychology (CN) [Master Psychology]
Date Deposited:	04 Feb 2026 10:37
Last Modified:	04 Feb 2026 10:37
URI:	http://gmwpublic.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/id/eprint/6118

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